Struggling to conceive can be an emotional and challenging experience. If you have been trying to get pregnant for a year (or six months if you’re over 35) without success, you may be experiencing fertility issues. Understanding the possible causes, how fertility problems are diagnosed, and what treatment options are available can help you take the next steps. At Tidewater Physicians for Women in Virginia Beach and Norfolk, VA, our expert team provides comprehensive fertility evaluations and guidance to help you on your journey to parenthood.
Causes of Fertility Issues
Fertility problems can affect both men and women. The most common causes include:
In Women:
Ovulation disorders – Conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and hypothalamic dysfunction can disrupt ovulation.
Age-related decline – Female fertility naturally decreases with age, especially after 35.
Endometriosis – This condition, where uterine tissue grows outside the uterus, can interfere with ovulation and implantation.
Blocked fallopian tubes – Often caused by pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or previous surgeries, blocked tubes prevent sperm from meeting the egg.
Uterine abnormalities – Fibroids, polyps, or an irregularly shaped uterus can make it difficult for an embryo to implant.
In Men:
Low sperm count – A lower-than-normal number of sperm can reduce the chances of conception.
Poor sperm motility – Sperm that do not move well may not be able to reach the egg.
Hormonal imbalances – Low testosterone or other hormone deficiencies can affect sperm production.
Varicocele – Enlarged veins in the scrotum can lead to decreased sperm quality.
Diagnosing Fertility Issues
If you are struggling to conceive, a fertility evaluation can help identify the underlying cause. The diagnostic process may include:
Medical history and physical exam – Your doctor will review your health history and conduct a pelvic exam.
Ovulation tracking – Blood tests and ultrasound monitoring can determine if you are ovulating regularly.
Hormone testing – Checking levels of reproductive hormones like FSH, LH, and AMH can provide insights into fertility.
Hysterosalpingography (HSG) – This X-ray test examines the uterus and fallopian tubes for blockages.
Semen analysis – A test to evaluate sperm count, movement, and shape.
Treatment Options for Infertility
Fertility treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include:
Lifestyle modifications – Maintaining a healthy weight, managing stress, and avoiding smoking or excessive alcohol can improve fertility.
Medications – Fertility drugs like Clomid or letrozole stimulate ovulation, while hormone treatments can address imbalances.
Intrauterine insemination (IUI) – Sperm is placed directly into the uterus to increase the chance of fertilization.
In vitro fertilization (IVF) – Eggs are retrieved, fertilized in a lab, and implanted into the uterus.
Surgery – Procedures to remove fibroids, endometriosis, or repair blocked fallopian tubes may improve fertility.
If you are struggling to conceive, the team at Tidewater Physicians for Women in Virginia Beach and Norfolk, VA can help. Our experienced OB/GYNs provide fertility evaluations and personalized treatment plans to support your reproductive health. Schedule an appointment today by visiting:https://tidewaterobgyn.com/locations/
