By: Tidewater Physicians for Women in Virginia Beach and Norfolk, VA
September is Gynecologic Cancer Awareness Month—a time to educate, empower, and encourage women to know the signs, understand the risks, and take proactive steps for early detection. In this Q&A, Tidewater Physicians for Women answers common questions about gynecologic cancers and how you can protect your health.
Q: What are gynecologic cancers?
A: Gynecologic cancers are cancers that begin in a woman’s reproductive organs. The five main types include:
- Cervical cancer (starts in the cervix)
- Ovarian cancer (begins in the ovaries)
- Uterine or endometrial cancer (starts in the lining of the uterus)
- Vaginal cancer
- Vulvar cancer
Each cancer has different causes, symptoms, and treatment options—but all benefit from early detection.
Q: What are the risk factors for gynecologic cancers?
A: Risk factors vary by cancer type, but some common ones include:
- Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection
- Family history of cancer
- Being over age 50
- Obesity or diabetes
- Never having been pregnant
- Use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
- Smoking
Your OB/GYN can help you assess your individual risk based on personal and family history.
Q: What symptoms should I watch for?
A: Symptoms can be subtle or mistaken for other conditions. Common warning signs include:
- Unusual vaginal bleeding or discharge
- Pelvic or abdominal pain
- Bloating or feeling full quickly (especially with ovarian cancer)
- Changes in bathroom habits (urination or bowel movements)
- Itching, burning, or pain in the vulvar area
- A lump, sore, or lesion that doesn’t heal
If you experience any of these symptoms—especially if they persist—talk to your doctor right away.
Q: How can I lower my risk?
A: You can reduce your risk with proactive steps, including:
- Get regular Pap smears and HPV testing (for cervical cancer)
- Receive the HPV vaccine if eligible
- Know your family history and discuss genetic testing if appropriate
- Maintain a healthy weight and active lifestyle
- Quit smoking
- Pay attention to your body and report unusual changes
Routine gynecological care is key to prevention and early detection.
Q: How often should I see my OB/GYN for screening?
A: Most women should begin cervical cancer screening at age 21 and continue through age 65, following recommended intervals for Pap smears and HPV testing. Annual well-woman exams are also important for discussing symptoms, risk factors, and any new concerns.
Take Charge of Your Health This September
Gynecologic cancers are often treatable when caught early—but awareness is the first step. Whether you’re due for a screening or have questions about symptoms, our providers are here for you.
Schedule your visit at one of our Virginia Beach or Norfolk locations:
https://tidewaterobgyn.com/locations/
Further Reading
CDC- Gynecologic Cancers
