Infertility Awareness is important to provide support, and empower those facing fertility challenges. At Tidewater Physicians for Women in Virginia Beach and Norfolk, VA, we’re highlighting two of the most common—but treatable—causes of infertility: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis. By recognizing the symptoms and exploring treatment options, women can ease their symptoms and protect their fertility.
The Link Between PCOS, Endometriosis, and Infertility
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects 6–13% of reproductive-aged women worldwide, and up to 70% remain undiagnosed. It is the most common cause of anovulatory infertility—meaning the ovaries don’t release eggs regularly.
Endometriosis impacts around 10% of women of reproductive age globally (an estimated 190 million individuals). It causes chronic inflammation, scarring, and pelvic pain, and can interfere with ovulation, fertilization, or implantation.
According to the CDC, about 1 in 5 (19%) married women aged 15 to 49 in the United States are unable to get pregnant after one year of trying. PCOS and endometriosis are among the top contributing factors.
How PCOS and Endometriosis Affect Fertility
PCOS can disrupt ovulation, alter hormone levels, and lead to irregular periods or no periods at all.
Endometriosis can cause structural problems with the fallopian tubes or ovaries, create inflammation that affects egg quality, and result in scar tissue that hinders fertilization.
Treatments to Ease Symptoms and Preserve Fertility
Lifestyle Changes
Weight loss (even 5–10%) can restore ovulation in women with PCOS.
A balanced diet and regular physical activity help manage insulin resistance and reduce inflammation.
Medication Options
Ovulation Induction: Medications like letrozole or clomiphene citrate can help women with PCOS ovulate.
Hormonal Therapy: Birth control pills or progestin therapy help regulate menstrual cycles and control endometriosis growth.
Pain Management: NSAIDs are commonly used to reduce inflammation and pelvic pain associated with endometriosis.
Minimally Invasive Surgery
Laparoscopic surgery can remove endometrial implants, cysts, and scar tissue, often improving fertility.
Ovarian drilling may be an option for medication-resistant PCOS.
Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART)
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is highly effective, especially for moderate to severe endometriosis or PCOS unresponsive to medication.
Egg Freezing is a proactive option for women diagnosed early with either condition who wish to preserve their fertility for the future.
You’re Not Alone
Infertility can feel isolating, but millions of women face this challenge—and support and solutions are available. At Tidewater Physicians for Women, we take a compassionate, personalized approach to diagnosis and treatment, helping you better understand your reproductive health and create a plan that supports your goals.
